From Current Understanding to Future Perspectives in Sjögren’s Syndrome: An Integrated Literature Review and Analysis of Emerging Trends

Abstract

Sjögren's Syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily affects the exocrine glands, leading to dryness of the eyes and mouth. The pathogenesis of the disease involves a complex interplay between immune dysregulation, inflammation, and glandular dysfunction. This article presents an overview of the pathophysiology of Sjögren's Syndrome, including the functional alterations and immune responses involved. Additionally, current therapeutic options, including replacement and retention therapy, stimulation of glandular production, and modulation of the immune response, are discussed. Future directions for research in developing more specific and effective therapies for Sjögren's Syndrome are also presented.